El nuevo sistema presenta una nueva plataforma que resulta más amigable para el usuario pero posee algunos inconvenientes, principalmente con respecto a la inscripción en el sistema de los usuarios y la transferencia de nombres de dominio.

A continuación se detallan algunos cambios:

Persona Responsable:
En el actual sistema de Nic.ar la Persona Responsable, elContacto Técnico y la Entidad Administradora han dejado de existir. Previamente eran necesarios para inscribir y/o delegar un nombre de dominio. En el nuevo sistema sólo existe un Usuario Titular que podrá crear “alias” (personas de existencia real o no) a las cuales se le pueden asignar una o varias funciones para que realicen en representación del Usuario Titular de un nombre de dominio.
El sistema que se ha implementado no permite generar un “alias” para varios Usuarios Titulares sino que es necesario que cada Usuario Titular cree sus propios “alias” que deberán ser diferentes unos de otros.
Cada “alias” posee un nombre, una contraseña, un correo electrónico asociado y permisos de ejecución y sus funciones pueden ser habilitadas y/o modificadas desde el panel de control por cada Usuario Titular.

Titularidad:
El titular de un nombre de dominio (Usuario Titular) puede ser una Persona Física o Jurídica (Nacional o Extranjera). Para poder operar con el actual sistema es necesario registrarse previamente completando un formulario que se encuentra on line en la página web de Nic.ar y luego presentar cierta documentación ante sus oficinas. Una vez aprobada su inscripción por ese organismo se podrá hacer uso del sistema y pedir nuevos dominios, renovar los existentes, realizar delegaciones, entre otros procesos.
En el caso de personas físicas, esta nueva registración es sencilla, pero requiere la presentación ante Nic.ar del DNI para ratificar la solicitud de inscripción. La registración de las personas jurídicas (nacionales y extranjeras) no es tan sencilla porque se debe presentar copia certificada y/o legalizada o apostillada y traducida (en caso de corresponder) del estatuto, actas constitutivas, poderes, etc.
Una vez lograda la inscripción como Usuario Titular, el nuevo sistema permite efectuar los trámites de manera más sencilla y ágil, especialmente en cuanto a la inscripción de nuevos dominios.
En relación a la renovación de los nombres de dominio, hasta el 27 de octubre de 2013, son renovados automáticamente por Nic.ar. A partir de esa fecha será necesario que el titular de un dominio esté inscripto como Usuario Titular para poder efectuar la renovación del mismo.

Límites de Inscripciones:
Se mantiene el límite de 200 nombres de dominio por Usuario Titular, pero existe la posibilidad de Transferencia de Nombres de Dominio: En el nuevo sistema se vuelve a requerir
la presentación de un documento firmado por las partes (con la firma certificada y/o legalizada según el caso) que acredite la transferencia del nombre de dominio. Por otra parte, aumenta el tiempo de demora en que se otorga la transferencia del nombre de dominio de 72 horas a 30 días (siempre y cuando la documentación esté correctamente presentada).
Si bien es posible que con estos nuevos cambios se reduzcan los más de 2.300.000 de nombres de dominio registrados actualmente en Argentina, consideramos que hasta tanto no se instrumente el arancelamiento de la inscripción y/o renovación de los dominios, seguiremos siendo uno de los países con mayor número de nombres de dominio de la región.
El arancelamiento traería aparejado también la posibilidad de inscribir un nombre de dominio por más de un año, con lo cual no sería necesario procesar todos los años la renovación de los nombres de dominio.

En conclusión, consideramos que la intención de modificar el sistema de Nic.ar ha sido buena y se han instrumentado cambios positivos, sin embargo aún existen varios inconvenientes en la registración de nombres de dominio en Argentina y la aplicación del sistema aún presenta varios desafíos.
Quedamos a vuestra disposición por cualquier consulta o aclaración que precisen sobre este tema.

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The trademark leasing agreement:
In the present article, I discuss some considerations related to one of the modalities of securitization that has taken off in our country with regards to trademarks: the leasing agreement. Art. 2 of Act 25.2481 foresee, specifically, the possibility of celebrating a leasing agreement for trademarks. However, it is not always useful or convenient under this agreement to purchase trademarks.
I believe that the leasing agreement of a trademark would have more relevance and interest if used in acquisitions of a trademark that is found to be related, associated, and/or linked to a product or certificate or authorization. In this case, the advantages of the contractual figure are the possibility of acquiring an intangible good (trademark) and a certificate or authorization of the product or service, without having to pay immediately the agreed amount.

Generally, the value for the combined acquisition of trademarks, certificates, and/or authorizations of products or services is not low. Subsequently, the demand is often for the total payment of the amount, which is an impediment for the realization of the business. Likewise, the buyer incurs the risk to pay an amount of money for a product, service, certificate, and/or authorization without
guaranteed success in that endeavor.

Accordingly, the leasing modality allows for payments in stages while the product or service is generating its own income. At the same time, there is a final date of
purchase for the mark and the certificate/authorization.

Furthermore, nothing prevents the existence of an internet domain as a complement of the mark and the certificate/ authorization linked to the agreement.
It is possible that the lessee will pay a larger amount than if he or she had purchased the good or service in one payment, but financially, it may be more convenient for him or her to make lower payments. This also allows him or her at the same time to be generating income for the development and sale of the product or service recently acquired.

The Leasing Agreement, with the option to purchase, protects (with regards to an ordinary license to use agreement) everything that had been invested and developed in publicity and the advertising of the product. The lessee’s investment in the good (trademark, certification/authorization, domain, etc.) will not be in vain because later, it could become exclusively his property.
An agreement with the aforementioned characteristics should consider the object, the mark, the certificate, the domain, etc. Even though the lessee can develop and commercialize the good during the term of
the agreement and until he or she exercises the option to purchase or the term of the agreement expires, the property is still the lessor’s. The lease amount can be established as a percentage of the profit’s sales of the goods or services identified with the mark, which can vary from time to time.

In addition, with regards to the lease amount, it is convenient to determine precisely and clearly who will be in charge of the maintenance costs of the “good” and if said costs will be discounted from the established lease amount. Regarding the “good,” the lessee acquires the right to its exclusive use and possession and it would be necessary to determine the territory (nationally or internationally). The lessee would be responsible for the administration of the trademark or any of its variants.

The fact that there is a possibility that the lessee may register new trademarks and/or variants of the existing one with the collaboration of the lessor is important for the development of the business and the possibility of the launch of new products or services. The contract must establish that those new variants and/or formulations of the product or service that the lessee develops are part of the same one. Further, the lessee assures the possibility to use exclusively the good to promote and commercialize the product or services.

Likewise, and in order to comply with article 14 of Act 25.2482, the lessee should be able to exercise the option to purchase the good (as well as object of this leasing agreement) in a determined term. As part of this clause, the leasing agreement must establish the term in which the lessee may exercise the option to purchase and the subsequent price of the good.

In case the lessee decides not to exercise the option to purchase, he or she must cease the use of the good and return the good when the agreement term expires or immediately after its termination. This return of the good includes the other trademarks variants or alternatives that the lessee realized during the term of the agreement.

Registration is necessary to give the contract publicity not only because of what is established in art.11 of the Act but because it is the way the lessee can maintain the agreement and obtain privilege in case the lessor declares bankruptcy as established in art.11 of Act 25.2483. It is necessary to emphasize that the last part of this article has been eliminated in the Civil and Commercial Code of the Nation (art. 1237).

Conclusion:
Currently, a series of instruments, mechanisms, forms, and agreements exist and are in use in other countries for the financing of companies and for the purchase of goodsof intellectual property and other goods. The leasing of trademarks is not an agreement developed in our country and I think that many opportunities exist for it to turn out to be a very ductile instrument to orchestrate and to perfect
the purchase of products and/or associate trademarks.

I believe that there is much to develop with the use of intellectual property goods in Argentina and it will be a great challenge in years to come to find new mechanisms and instruments that will allow business
and financial institutions to obtain credit, acquisition of trademarks and products, over these valuable and underappreciated goods.

But this development in the use of intellectual property rights in the operations of securitization will be possible when the legal framework provides the protection to the legitimate holders of these important
rights over the unscrupulous third parties that wrongfully use them.

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